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Gochteodinia
From Williams et al., 2017:
[Gochteodinia, Norris, 1978, p.7; Emendation: Below, 1990, p. 47.
Type species: as Imbatodinium villosum, Vozzhennikova, 1967 (pl.12, figs.3a–b; pl.15, fig.1)] ; Gochteodinia villosa, Norris, 1978; emend. Below, 1990
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Original description: [Norris, 1978]: (Translation: LPP):
Diagnosis:
Proximo-chorate cysts with a well-developed apical horn and elongated main body, both ornamented with non-tabular acuminate or bluntly terminated processes, which in length are approximately one quarter the main body equatorial diameter. Archeopyle 2I or 3I.
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Modified description:
Stover and Williams, 1987, p. 111:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximochorate to skolochorate, body ellipsoidal with an apical horn and bearing numerous nontabular spines; paratabulation expressed by an intercalary archeopyle, types 2I or 3I; archeopyle index 0.5.
Description:
Shape: Ellipsoidal with an apical horn.
Wall relationships: Undifferentiated autophragm.
Wall features: Autophragm with numerous nontabular spines, whose length is about 1/10 to 1/2 maximum body diameter; processes generally simple, rarely branched. Tip of hollow horn may have solid, slender, short to long appendage.
Archeopyle: Intercalary, compound, either type 2I or 3I, index 0.5; operculum pieces free, geniculate and normally separated.
Paratabulation: Expressed by archeopyle only.
Paracingulum: Not indicated.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Intermediate to large, 50 µm to 125 µm in length.
Affinities:
Gochteodinia possesses nontabular processes which are absent on Pareodinia Deflandre 1947 emend. Stover and Evitt 1978.
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Emended description:
Below, 1990:
Diagnosis:
Vesicle/plate arrangement on dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 3`, 2a, 6``, 7c, 6```, 2````, as, FM, ls, rs, ps; 1` exsert, 1a and 2a pentagonal. Growth of thecal plates ?gonyaulacoidal.
Cyst habit proximate, proximochorate, skolochorate, acavate, cornuvacuolar, cornucavate, cavate, elongate tear-shaped, bottle-shaped, ellipsoidal, cylindrical, fusiform, at its most also with 1 apical and 2 antapical horns. Wall consisting of thin pedium and firm luxuria. Surface smooth or with intraareate, peniareate, finate ornaments. Nonareate, thecal sutures reflected merely as archaeopyle sutures, or areate. Areation sceme NR PR/XPR/cop, pop, cap, NR`/3`, 1a(arch), 2a(arch)/2a, NR``/6``, NRc`Xc`7c, NR```/6```, NR````/2````, NRs/Xs/as, FM, ls, rs, ps. penta 1a and penta 2a. anteriorly linear 3`` and anteriorly geniculate 4``, finis 3``/4`` dorsal. Archaeopyle anteriorly intercalary, 1a+2a. Operculum solvate, opercular plates secate, general opercular formula 1a(s)+2a(s).
Affinities:
Gochteodinia was erected by Norris (1978) for species with a Pareodinia-like appearance and a 2I archaeopyle, differing from Pareodinia in the presence of spinous ornament. The ornament in Gochteodinia differs from granulae to long processes, and a differentiation on the basis of these characteristics between Gochteodinia and the unornamented Pareodinia would be vague, in view of the continuous variation. It is, however, possible to distinguish Gochteodinia from Pareodinia, because of the somewhat diverging constellation of 3``, 4``, 1a and 2a (Below, 1990, text-figs. 13 and 19: the suture between 3`` and 4`` runs from 1a down in Gochteodinia, and from 2a down in Pareodinia).
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Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Gochteodinia Norris, 1978, emend. Below, 1990. Below (1990) gave the following tabulation formula: cop, pop, cap, 3`, 2a, 6", 7c, 6"', 2"''. 1` is exsert. 1a and 2a are pentagonal, 3" is linear anteriorly and 4" is geniculate anteriorly. The tabulation is very similar to that found in Lacrymodinium . The cyst is proximate, proximochorate, skolochorate, acavate, cornucavate, cavate, ellipsoidal, to fusiform, and with a maximum of one apical and two antapical horns. Ornamentation of granules to long processes. The archeopyle is 1a + 2a, solvate, secate.
[Gochteodinia, Norris, 1978, p.7; Emendation: Below, 1990, p. 47.
Type species: as Imbatodinium villosum, Vozzhennikova, 1967 (pl.12, figs.3a–b; pl.15, fig.1)] ; Gochteodinia villosa, Norris, 1978; emend. Below, 1990
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Original description: [Norris, 1978]: (Translation: LPP):
Diagnosis:
Proximo-chorate cysts with a well-developed apical horn and elongated main body, both ornamented with non-tabular acuminate or bluntly terminated processes, which in length are approximately one quarter the main body equatorial diameter. Archeopyle 2I or 3I.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Modified description:
Stover and Williams, 1987, p. 111:
Synopsis:
Cysts proximochorate to skolochorate, body ellipsoidal with an apical horn and bearing numerous nontabular spines; paratabulation expressed by an intercalary archeopyle, types 2I or 3I; archeopyle index 0.5.
Description:
Shape: Ellipsoidal with an apical horn.
Wall relationships: Undifferentiated autophragm.
Wall features: Autophragm with numerous nontabular spines, whose length is about 1/10 to 1/2 maximum body diameter; processes generally simple, rarely branched. Tip of hollow horn may have solid, slender, short to long appendage.
Archeopyle: Intercalary, compound, either type 2I or 3I, index 0.5; operculum pieces free, geniculate and normally separated.
Paratabulation: Expressed by archeopyle only.
Paracingulum: Not indicated.
Parasulcus: Not indicated.
Size: Intermediate to large, 50 µm to 125 µm in length.
Affinities:
Gochteodinia possesses nontabular processes which are absent on Pareodinia Deflandre 1947 emend. Stover and Evitt 1978.
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Emended description:
Below, 1990:
Diagnosis:
Vesicle/plate arrangement on dinoflagellate amphiesma cop, pop, cap, 3`, 2a, 6``, 7c, 6```, 2````, as, FM, ls, rs, ps; 1` exsert, 1a and 2a pentagonal. Growth of thecal plates ?gonyaulacoidal.
Cyst habit proximate, proximochorate, skolochorate, acavate, cornuvacuolar, cornucavate, cavate, elongate tear-shaped, bottle-shaped, ellipsoidal, cylindrical, fusiform, at its most also with 1 apical and 2 antapical horns. Wall consisting of thin pedium and firm luxuria. Surface smooth or with intraareate, peniareate, finate ornaments. Nonareate, thecal sutures reflected merely as archaeopyle sutures, or areate. Areation sceme NR PR/XPR/cop, pop, cap, NR`/3`, 1a(arch), 2a(arch)/2a, NR``/6``, NRc`Xc`7c, NR```/6```, NR````/2````, NRs/Xs/as, FM, ls, rs, ps. penta 1a and penta 2a. anteriorly linear 3`` and anteriorly geniculate 4``, finis 3``/4`` dorsal. Archaeopyle anteriorly intercalary, 1a+2a. Operculum solvate, opercular plates secate, general opercular formula 1a(s)+2a(s).
Affinities:
Gochteodinia was erected by Norris (1978) for species with a Pareodinia-like appearance and a 2I archaeopyle, differing from Pareodinia in the presence of spinous ornament. The ornament in Gochteodinia differs from granulae to long processes, and a differentiation on the basis of these characteristics between Gochteodinia and the unornamented Pareodinia would be vague, in view of the continuous variation. It is, however, possible to distinguish Gochteodinia from Pareodinia, because of the somewhat diverging constellation of 3``, 4``, 1a and 2a (Below, 1990, text-figs. 13 and 19: the suture between 3`` and 4`` runs from 1a down in Gochteodinia, and from 2a down in Pareodinia).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
G.L. Williams short notes on species, Mesozoic-Cenozoic dinocyst course, Urbino, Italy, May 17-22, 1999 - LPP VIEWER CD-ROM 99.5.
Gochteodinia Norris, 1978, emend. Below, 1990. Below (1990) gave the following tabulation formula: cop, pop, cap, 3`, 2a, 6", 7c, 6"', 2"''. 1` is exsert. 1a and 2a are pentagonal, 3" is linear anteriorly and 4" is geniculate anteriorly. The tabulation is very similar to that found in Lacrymodinium . The cyst is proximate, proximochorate, skolochorate, acavate, cornucavate, cavate, ellipsoidal, to fusiform, and with a maximum of one apical and two antapical horns. Ornamentation of granules to long processes. The archeopyle is 1a + 2a, solvate, secate.